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Gymnasium 3
in Siemianowice Šl±skie
has the name of a great Silesian activist
Wojciech Korfanty
(the picture of a
commemorative plaque in the hall of the school).
Wojciech Korfanty
Wojciech Korfanty (1873-1939) was a political leader who played a major
role in the national reawakening of the Poles of Upper Silesia and who
led their struggle for independence from Germany. He was a Polish
nationalist and activist, known for his irredentist policies after
World War I. He was opposed to the policy of Germanisation in Upper
Silesia before the war, and was one of the chief advocates of returning
Upper Silesia to Poland after the war.
Korfanty was born the son of a coalminer in Sadzawka, Siemianowice in
Upper Silesia, which was then German territory. He studied at the
Technical University in Charlottenburg in Berlin and at the University
of Wroclaw. In 1903, Korfanty was elected to the German Reichstag and
in 1904 also Prussian Landtag from the list of ethnic Polish parties.
In a Reichstag speech October 25, 1918, Korfanty demanded that the
provinces of West Prussia, Warmia, Masuria, Gdansk, Wielkopolska (Poznan),
Upper Silesia and Middle Silesia become Polish territory.
After the war, during Great Poland Uprising, Korfanty became a member of
the Naczelna Rada Ludowa in Poznan, and a member of the Polish provisional
parliament, the Constituanta-Sejm. He was also the head of the Polish
plebiscite committee in Upper Silesia. In 1921 he was one of the leaders
of the Third Silesian Uprising - a Polish insurrection against German
rule in Upper Silesia which succeeded in restoring half of the province
to Poland.
Korfanty served the national Sejm from 1922 to 1930 and the Silesian
Sejm(1922-1935). He was now an opponent of the autonomy of Polish Silesian
Voivodship, which he saw as an obstacle in integration of Poland. Korfanty
defended the rights of German minority in Upper Silesia, because he believed
that the prosperity of minorities enriches the whole society of the region.
In 1935 he left Poland and emigrated to Czechoslovakia. After his return
to Poland in April 1939 he was arrested. He died two weeks before the
outbreak of World War II.
For many years our school didn't have a patron. When we had to make up
our mind whose name we would like to have, a lot of teachers pointed
to Wojciech Korfanty. There were several important arguments:
- We live in the Upper Silesia District. The history of this region,
which was under the influence of many different countries and rulers,
is extremely complicated. In the 19th century Silesia was under the
reign of Prussia. In 1873 W.Korfanty, the great supporter of joining
Silesia to Poland, the dictator of the III Silesian Uprising and the
deputy prime minister in 1923, was born here.
- W.Korfanty was not only a great Silesian and Pole but also he was born
and he grew up in Siemianowice Slaskie.
- What is more, our school is situated in the Wrobla-Korfantego
housing estate on Korfanty Street.
A great Pole and Silesian, a steadfast man of firm character - these
considerations made us decide to make him our patron.
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